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Kherbet Rouha
Kherbet Rouha is a town in the Rashaya District of Lebanon. It lies in the Bekaa Valley, about northwest of Mount Hermon at coordinates: 33°34'16"N 35°51'9"E. The town is known for its Sunni Muslim conservatism along with having the largest mosque towers in Lebanon( in height).
People from Kherbet Rouha have migrated to many points around the world, chiefly Canada, USA, Brazil, and UAE. In Canada, most families originating from Kherbet Rouha are represented in Edmonton, Alberta and Calgary, Alberta. North America also has many citizens from Kherbet Rouha that live in other cities such as Lac La Biche, Windsor, Woodstock, London, Toronto and Dearborn, Michigan. There is also a small group of early immigrants to the United States who settled in the Turtle Mountain region of North Dakota. Several families still remain there almost a century later. It is still possible to visit one of the oldest Islamic cemeteries in the United States in Dunseith, North Dakota, with tombstones dating back to the early 20th century. The current Mayor, AbdulRahman Hajar, has been re-elected to serve 3 terms.
The name Kherbet Rouha literally translates to mean broken soul. A legend says the village originally was named Madinat Al Rouha'a which translates to mean the City of Souls, but many wars and natural disasters "broke" the village seven times giving it a broken soul. It is also believed that the meaning of Kherbet Rouha is of Turkish origin, Kherbet meaning 'Village' and Rouha meaning "Soul" making the translation of the name to "Village of Souls'.
Kherbet Rouha's land is both on the mountain side and in the valley. Most of Kherbet Rouha's occupants until recently lived off of their land. The majority of valley land was used for growing wheat, chickpeas (hummus), lentils, sunflower, cucumbers and sometimes a local breed of watermelons which don't grow very large, are brighter red inside with a thin shell and have few but much larger than usual seeds (it's very sweet and delicious). The mountain land is usually used to grow trees and vine fruits because of the difficulty with plowing inclined land. The most common are figs, olives, grapes, quince and sumac. Also many people grow mint and parsley in their home gardens. Traditional many people kept livestock as well, most homes until as recent as the early 80s had a donkey or two for transportation. When a home kept livestock they had a large flock of goats, sheep or a combination, or they had one or two cows and a few chickens and instead focused on their agriculture. Due to the geography of the land it is still difficult to plow many of the olive and fig orchards and grape vineyards so traditional methods utilizing animals is common place. Note: Due to its conservative Muslim Sunni background, the owners of grape vineyards never sold their grapes for wine production no matter how financially strapped they were. Instead many made raisins and a grape syrop known as "dibis" to sell. Also being part of the mountain region, Kherbet Rouha belongs to a group of villages that were famous for selling dairy products such as yogurt, cheese and kishk (a dried powder made of yogurt and cracked wheat which is cooked into a soup, it preserves well due to the fat in the yogurt, the added salt and the drying process).
To preserve agriculture traditionally the villagers built their homes on the mountain side, and in many cases used the mountain as a wall of the house and left the valley land for farming. In recent years as former immigrants returned home there was a shortage of living space and homes have become more commonly built in the valley land. Very few citizens still farm their land, especially those who are temporary residents who rely on their income from an outside source. In the past 10-15 years the youth in the village have become more ambitious with regards to their studies and the number of university graduates is growing exponentially each year. There has been a "westernization" of village life as people focus on the industrialized job market, earn higher degrees and even agriculture is controlled by a few members of the community who thrive in it. Many new apartment buildings have been built with rental and ownership options. Most commonly buildings are built with multi-purpose to increase revenue and the first floor general are made up of retail and service rental units, the second floor houses medical and professional offices and any other consecutive floors contain residential apartments for rent or purchase. Within Kherbet Rouha there are multiple options of shoe stores, bakeries (desserts only), gas stations, home repair, computer/electronic devices shops, specialty clothing shops, grocers, furniture shops and barber shops.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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